Osteoarthritis, the most common form of arthritis, is also called degenerative joint disease or “wear-and-tear” arthritis. Almost everyone is affected by it to some extent as they grow older. It most frequently occurs in weight-bearing joints, mainly knees, hips, and ankles. This form of arthritis slowly and gradually breaks down the cartilage that covers the ends of each bone in a joint. Normally, cartilage acts as a shock absorber, providing a smooth surface between the bones. But with osteoarthritis, the smooth surface becomes rough and pitted. In advanced stages, it may wear away completely. Without their normal gliding surfaces, the bones grind against one another, causing inflammation, pain and restricted movement. Bone spurs may form.
What Causes Osteoarthritis?
Primary osteoarthritis is mostly related to aging. With aging, the water content of the cartilage increases and its protein composition degenerates. Repetitive use of the joints over the years irritates and inflames the cartilage, causing joint pain and swelling. Eventually, cartilage begins to degenerate by chipping or forming tiny cracks. In advanced cases, there is a total loss of the cartilage cushion between the bones of the joints, which causes friction between the bones, leading to pain and restriction of joint mobility. Inflammation of the cartilage can also stimulate new bone outgrowths (spurs) to form around the joints. Osteoarthritis is sometimes found in several members of the same family, implying a heredity (genetic) basis for the disease.Secondary osteoarthritis is caused by another disease or condition. Conditions that can cause secondary osteoarthritis include abnormal joints at birth (congenital abnormalities), diabetes and other hormone disorders, gout, obesity, repeated trauma or surgery to the joint structures.
Do Occupational factors lead to Osteoarthritis?
Yes. Acute and chronic injuries are obvious risk factors for the development of OA. Major knee injuries, or muscle/ligament tear in sports such as soccer and football, high amount of jogging, occupations requiring frequent knee bending and lifting or carrying heavy loads contribute to the development of OA.
What are the other medical conditions that can cause Osteoarthritis?
Other causes of osteoarthritis include the following:
- Complications of persistent, inflammatory arthritic conditions, particularly chronic gout,pseudogout, or rheumatoid arthritis.
- Bleeding disorders such as hemophilia that cause bleeding to occur in the joint.
- Disorders such as avascular necrosis that block the blood supply near the joint.
- Complications of persistent, inflammatory arthritic conditions, particularly chronic gout,pseudogout, or rheumatoid arthritis.
- Conditions that cause iron build-up in the joints such as hemochromatosis.
What are the symptoms?
The number one symptom is pain. The pain is caused by irritation and pressure on nerve endings as well as muscle tension and fatigue. The pain can progress from mild soreness and aching with movement to severe pain, even when resting. The second symptom is loss of easy movement, such as bending or rising normally. Morning stiffness is a problem for many people. This lack of mobility, in turn, often causes the muscles serving the knee or hip to weaken, and overall body coordination suffers.
How is it diagnosed?
A simple, weight-bearing x-ray and examination by a skilled orthopedic doctor will determine if you have osteoarthritis. Time-consuming and costly diagnostic procedures are not required.
What is the treatment?
There is no cure for arthritis, but the past decade has seen dramatic new ways to manage the pain, lack of mobility, and fatigue that are among its most disabling symptoms.The most commonly used medications for osteoarthritis are:
- Analgesics
- Topical analgesics
- Counterirritants
- Salicylates
- Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs)
- Corticosteroid injections
- Hyaluronicacid therapy
However, another treatment which is widely gaining popularity is the Quantum Magnetic Resonance Therapy™.
Quantum Magnetic Resonance (QMR) Therapy™ is a non-surgical treatment that helps regenerate cartilage and restores mobility of arthritic knee joints. It is a painless and safe treatment. It has also proved to be extremely effective in the treatment of certain types of cancer.
Source: www.sbfhealthcare.com